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Amounts of heroin entering the country from the Middle East and Asia could contribute to the spread of HIV among injection drug users
Australian National Council on Drugs on Monday said that increased amounts of heroin entering the country from the Middle East and Asia could contribute to the spread of HIV among injection drug users, the Sydney Morning Herald reports. The council's Asia-Pacific Committee reported that heroin trafficking has increased and that border detections of the drug were the highest on record in 2006 and 2007.According to committee chair Robert Ali, heroin use and overdose deaths in Australia have decreased since 2001, but overall global production has increased, creating new risks. He said that an increase in the availability of heroin could result in "recruitment of new drug users," adding, "It's recruiting a new group of users into injecting who think there is no HIV and don't know much about hepatitis C and just feeling that it's not risky. There's a perception that all of this has gone away, that it's no longer a problem." He added that there is "a real risk" of HIV and hepatitis C among IDUs. ANCD reports that heroin imported from Afghanistan also is being more heavily processed to allow for easier injection (Sydney Morning Herald, 3/17). Ali warned that authorities should not become complacent, according to the West Australian. He said, "When we look at the global drug problem, the threat that is causing the most concern is the risk of HIV, and there are now 128 countries that have detected HIV among drug users." He added that one-third of all HIV cases outside of Sub-Saharan Africa are transmitted through injection drug use (O'Leary, West Australian, 3/17). According to Ali, Australia should work with neighboring countries to address the issue. "We need to get ahead of the game, we need to work with our near-neighboring countries ... to help implement things that work because that will be in our long-term domestic security interest"Police arrested a man after they say he was carrying 192 bags of heroin in his pockets.
Police arrested a man after they say he was carrying 192 bags of heroin in his pockets.At 3:00 a.m. Saturday, police found 25 year-old Jonathan Kissel passed out on the 500 block of S. Pugh St. They said he had alcohol on his breath and a ziploc bag in his pocket. They say that bag had 182 bags of heroin inside of it. They also found another 10 bags of heroin on Kissel. He's in the Centre County Jail on $100,000 bail."liquid heroin" and "cheese".
"liquid heroin" and "cheese".There was a recent news article about the death of a 17 year old girl in Texas who overdosed on "cheese", which is a street name for heroin. Cheese is more specifically heroin that has been cut with tylenol. It is usually found in a powder from and typically snorted. Because this drug is cut with tylenol and may be snorted instead of injected many users think it is not as dangerous or as addictive, some are not even aware that it is a form of heroin. But, it IS heroin and heroin is very dangerous and very addictive whether you are injecting it or snorting it, and you can die from it either way. Heroin is a tolerance drug, meaning your body builds up a tolerance requiring you to use more and more each time in order to achieve the same high.
The second trend is "liquid heroin". Many agencies and hospitals are reporting an increase in arrests and hospitalizations of high school and college students who have been using liquid heroin. Liquid heroin is a watered down version of heroin. Students keep the heroin in an eyedropper or a 1 inch tall glass containers with a dropper(about the width of a marker). Even though kids may view using this as less harmful it is still using drugs. The symptoms of someone who is using liquid heroin are very similar to other forms of heroin (constricted pupils, droopy eyelids, slow speech, slow reflexes, facial itching, dry mouth and lower blood pressure). Liquid heroin is also addictive and the body will grow more tolerant requiring the user to use more of the drug and possibly more often in order to get the same effect. Because it is addictive that means there are also withdrawal symptoms. Many of these students do not even recognize that they are becoming addicted or experiencing withdrawal symptoms because they did not view liquid heroin as addictive. They feel their muscles getting sore and their body aching. They knew when they took more liquid heroin it made it feel better but did not associate that as addiction or withdrawals. Heroin IS heroin, no matter how it is disguised. Because heroin is so addictive and because the withdrawal process can be so severe most people who struggle with heroin addiction have to enter a drug rehab in order to overcome this addiction.
29-year-old man who died yesterday was the latest victim of the country’s heroin epidemic.
29-year-old man who died yesterday was the latest victim of the country’s heroin epidemic. In the past month, a total of five drug addicts have died either from heroin overdoses or suicide; four out of the five addicts received treatment at Himmafushi rehabilitation centre run by the department of rehabilitation services (DRS).The family of the 29-year old said he had been struggling with addiction for four years.They added he had been acting strangely in the early hours of Saturday morning and was taken to Indira Gandhi Memorial hospital after complaining of breathing difficulties.Doctors at IGMH informed the family he had died of a heroin overdose.On 20 March, Abdullah Shiham, 33, an inmate at Maafushi jail serving a 25-year sentence for drug possession, was found dead in his cell.Police have since confirmed he died of a benzodiazepine overdose.A forensic examination of drugs seized recently revealed that heroin sold on the streets was laced with benzodiazepine, a class of psychoactive drugs, according to police.
The combination of benzodiazepine with opiates is known to lead to coma and even death.A week after Shiham’s death, a 33-year old woman hanged herself in Male’. According to her family, she had been in the local rehabilitation centre some years ago and had been sent abroad for treatment on many different occasions. She committed suicide two months after police caught her with a small amount of heroin and was subsequently fired from her job.
The night before, on 24 March, police rescued a drug addict in Male’ as he attempted to hang himself.Earlier this month, another drug addict, a 29-year old woman, was found hanged at her house. She was reportedly denied the chance of rehabilitation by the authorities.Two other drug addicts have died in the past month of heroin overdoses.But, a DRS official told Minivan News today they do not provide any information to the press.
Following the deaths, the health ministry called a meeting this afternoon with three local NGOs – Journey, Fanas and Society of Woman Against Drugs – organised by the president’s office.After extensive discussions where the NGOs presented policy papers, the ministry decided to hold a forum with all relevant government bodies and other stakeholders to take immediate measures as well as draw up long-term plans to tackle the problem. Speaking to Minivan News today, deputy home minister Dr Abdullah Waheed said most young people were caught between extremes of radical Islam and the drug culture, which contributed to growing social and cultural tensions.“There are no acceptable forms of entertainment available to youth.”Conservative estimates put the number of drug addicts in the country at 10,000, Dr Waheed said, but existing facilities could only provide treatment for 200 addicts every year.The government was currently in the process of drawing up broader and more inclusive rehabilitation programmes as well as revising the penal code and drug laws. But, local NGO, Journey, has criticised the government for not producing any results since coming to power.
The new government has not reviewed the programme or the model used by DRS for the past 11 years, said Mohamed Arif, chairperson of Journey.Despite the good quality of infrastructure and facilities at the rehabilitation centre, the programme does not offer adequate aftercare services.“We need a comprehensive programme to deal with all the underlying problems.”95 per cent of addicts who seek rehabilitation in the country relapse into drug use, Arif said. According to the ruling Maldivian Democratic Party manifesto, there are an estimated 30,000 drug addicts in Maldives.
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Rapper Coolio was arrested a couple of hours ago at LAX as a screening to get him to his Southwest Airlines plane revealed he had crack cocaine
Rapper Coolio Artis Leon Ivey, Jr. (real name) was arrested a couple of hours ago at LAX as a screening to get him to his Southwest Airlines plane revealed he had crack cocaine on his person, as TMZ reports.According to the celebrity gossip website / paparazzi agency, the rapper was on his way to Tulsa, Okla., where he was scheduled to play a show at the Flytrap Music Hall, with co-headliners Tone Loc and Shock G of The Digital Underground. A simple screening revealed that he had a certain amount of the drug on his person, which prompted airport personnel to call reinforcements. It is at this point, sources say, that Coolio became agitated and even “got physical with the screener at some point during the incident.” Police took him to headquarters, booked him and set bail at $10,000. The rapper posted bail almost immediately and was later released. No further details pertaining to the case have yet been made public, and an arraignment date is still pending as of now.
Just recently, Coolio made headlines again when he took part in the “Celebrity Big Brother” UK reality show. However, this time, it wasn’t as much for what he did that he made it into the papers, but for what he said, as he told one of his fellow “mates” that he believed computers came from aliens and that Hollywood films could actually predict the future – if one only knew how to look at them right.
“All this technology. You think it came from this planet? [expletive] I don’t think men are that smart. I think it came from somewhere else. Movies are made twenty years before they happen. Look at ‘Face Off’ with John Travolta. Nobody thought that [expletive] would happen, but it has. The movie ‘Independence Day’ – that’s gonna happen. Microbiotics, computer science, jet planes – they came from a different planet.” the 45-year-old rapper said while being a member of the Big Brother house.
Death of 15-year-old Maddie Kiefer by what Whitefish Bay police say is a drug overdose death
Death of 15-year-old Maddie Kiefer by what Whitefish Bay police say is a drug overdose death has not only caused grief and sorrow in the community she called home.It's caused a sobering reminder for any parent around the area who has heard this story and wondered about the danger their own children may face.David Spakowitz, head of the Wisconsin Department of Justice Narcotics Bureau, had a frank and eye-opening conversation about the subjects of teenage drug use on 620WTMJ's "Wisconsin's Morning News."Spakowitz gave some shocking facts about how teenage drug users are more quickly advancing to the most dangerous of drugs, including heroin, the drug of choice of one of the suspects accused of giving Maddie the substances that apparently killed her."It used to be where you'd start out drinking, go into alcohol, experiment in cocaine, ecstasy, LSD, then eventually go onto heroin, the top of the heap," said Spakowitz."We've seen an alarming rate of younger kids starting out with marijuana and going right to heroin."Boyfriends and girlfriends, because it's an injectable substance, sometimes they're afraid of needles so their friends will shoot them up."There's not that leap. It used to take years to progress to a high level of an opiate addiction. Now, it's done, sometimes within a year."Heroin Much Easier To Use Spakowitz detailed that heroin is more used by teenagers because it's simply not as hard to use as it was a generation ago."The heroin, from when I was growing up, the only way to use heroin, because of the low purity, was to inject it."From about the mid-90's, there's been such an increase in the quality of heroin that makes it snortable. There's not the stigma associated with needles."With an opiate, it's a central nervous system depressant. It slows everything down. It slows down your heart rate, your respiration, so it's not an aggressive type of high. You don't have a care in the world."Once you're on heroin or an opiate, everything is fine, and I think these kids are using it as an escape.""You can snort one $10 bag of heroin and have a two-to-four hour high, and maybe that's the appealing thing because there's not the stigma of crack cocaine or using needles."Before Heroin, It's The Stuff You Have In Your Medicine CabinetThe drugs Spakowitz says teenagers sometimes use before reaching heroin can often be found inside your own cabinet.It's often the drugs you may get from your doctor for pain medication, sometimes oxycontin or vicodin, the drug former Packers quarterback Brett Favre became addicted to during the mid-1990's."They start out abusing an opiate, oxycontin, vicodin.."We have studies that say that 2/3rds of kids, young adults that get their drugs get it from their parents' medicine cabinet."We need parents out there or family members (to know), once you're done with a prescription, get rid of it."Another suggestion Spakowitz gave is to have a locked medicine cabinet.Often, it may not be your own children rummaging through your medicine cabinet for such prescription drugs.It might be your child's friends who could be raiding it, and your child might not even know it."I've had a number of cases where (we ask), 'Where are you getting all this stuff?' and (suspects) say, 'When I go over to a friend's house, the first thing I do is go through the medicine cabinet.Then, the need becomes worst than just going for what's your doctor gave you."Unfortunately with what happens, when they no longer can get it from their friend's medicine cabinet, or their parent's prescriptions lapse, so they can't take it any longer, it becomes to expensive to use oxycontin or vicodin, so they're moving on to heroin."Heroin More Available in Wisconsin The supply chain of heroin delivery to the Midwest has made it much easier to find the deadly drug in Wisconsin."We've seen a shift," explained Spakowitz. "We used to see the majority of our heroin users that come from Chicago or South American heroin coming from the southwest border."In the last three or four years, all of our heroin comes from Chicago. What used to come out of the southwest border or New York City now is only 90 miles away.
"That's how it's getting to Milwaukee."And how it's getting across the entire state."It's not a Southeastern Wisconsin problem. I talked to law enforcement officers all across the state. There's a huge prescription diversion problem across the state, not only in the Madison area, but the Fox River Valley, Central Wisconsin, Northwestern Wisconsin.""One of the most alarming and dangerous things that I'm seeing is that the users will pool their money. They'll get four or five of their friends, pool in $40, $50, $60, have the one person that will drive to Milwaukee to the heroin supplier (and) pick up the heroin."A lot of times, they'll shoot up right around the block, the gas station restroom, and then they'll drive it back to the county where they came from and distribute it out there."We're having a number of these kids that are under the influence of heroin operating on our roadways. Very, very dangerous.""As such, the Attorney General has identified this as an emerging problem and has specifically trained agents in each one of our field offices for opiate investigations similar to what we did with the methamphetamine problem Wisconsin experienced five, six, seven years ago in Northwestern Wisconsin."Sometimes, Surviving Overdoses Doesn't Stop Addictions One of the suspects accused of supplying drugs to Kiefer twice overdosed from mixing heroin with other drugs.Still, that didn't stop him from continuing his habits, and allegedly, supplying others like Kiefer with drugs."When we see these kids and young adults that use controlled substances, especially heroin, it's almost like a badge of honor, the number of times they've overdosed," said Spakowitz."All of a sudden they're back at it. They're playing Russian roulette with this drug, because they don't know the quality."One week, it might be 20% heroin that they're using, the next week, it might be 50%, and they can overdose."The way dealers give higher level narcotics can also get users to unknowingly overdose."The new drug dealer wants to get more customers, so to try to get you to be my customer and try to get you away from (another drug dealer), I'm going to give you higher quality dope because it will be better dope, and you'll say 'I'll come back to you.'"But if you have an established tolerance level of maybe two bags at 30% (heroin), and I give you 60% heroin, and you do the same, all of a sudden, it becomes like shooting four bags. There's a strong, strong potential for overdose."The mixing of drugs, which one of the suspects in the Kiefer case did in both of his overdose cases, also has become more prevalent."A group of young people will take whatever medications they come to the party with, throw them in a big bowl, mix with alcohol, and they just start grabbing out anything and ingesting those."Talk about a potential lethal dose."How To Tell Your Child May Be Using Drugs?What are the warning signs to watch for? Spakowitz gives some good tips in terms of the child's behavior.
"The first basic thing is that you have to know your kid," explains Spakowitz."You have to understand their behaviors and what they're doing, the friends they're associating with."With any kind of substance abuse, and we've seen it unfortunately more so with opiate abuse which is your oxycontin, vicodin, and subsequently heroin, is the changes in behavior."If your son or daughter is strong in athletics, or academically very strong or has other interests, very strong in the family, and all of a sudden starts shying away from their normal group of friends and start hanging out with other people, changes in personal appearance, lack of money, or all of a sudden they have a lot of money, more secretive (behaviors), those are some of the indicators that we've identified that they may be involved in controlled substances.One thing parents must caution themselves about, too, is their own willingness to ask the tough questions, knowing they may feel a sense of failure if they see their own child using drugs.
"A lot of parents are in denial, especially if they come from a more affluent family, or a family-orientated group," said Spakowitz. "You don't want to admit that maybe your son or daughter is involved in something like this."
"It's shock at first, because they think they've done everything right, and then all of a sudden, there's some embarrassment involved. 'How could I have done this?' They've given everything. 'I've provided for them,' and then all of a sudden, 'What happens here?' "Spakowitz tells parents who discover their children's use to remain steadfast in fighting for their children's lives and getting them off the drugs - and away from the sources of those drugs.
"You have to stick with it. It has to be a family endeavor. They have to break that cycle. They have to get them away from their friends. With opiate addicts, with heroin, with 'oxy,' they all sort of stick together because, 'I need it, and I know where to go.'
"I've talked to too many parents from very good families. Their son and daughter have been in and out of treatment, and once in a while, you just throw up your hands and say 'I've tried my best.' "
But it's up to the drug user to finally say no more."The user has to want to quit. They have to be committed to it.""The good kid from a suburban high school can get a felony drug record that can stick with them for the rest of their lives, and it's difficult to explain that to these kids, 'your choices now will affect the rest of your lives.' "Or end a life, as reported to be the case with Maddie Kiefer.
Popular smoking cessation drug dramatically reduced the amount a heavy drinker will consume
Popular smoking cessation drug dramatically reduced the amount a heavy drinker will consume, a new Yale School of Medicine study has found. Heavy-drinking smokers in a laboratory setting were much less likely to drink after taking the drug varenicline compared to those taking a placebo, according to a study published online in the journal Biological Psychiatry.The group taking varenicline, sold as a stop-smoking aid under the name Chantix, reported feeling fewer cravings for alcohol and less intoxicated when they did drink. They were also much more likely to remain abstinent after being offered drinks than those who received a placebo, the study found.Additionally, there were no adverse effects associated with combining varenicline with alcohol in the doses studied. When combined with low doses of alcohol, varenicline did not change blood pressure or heart rate, nor did it seem to induce nausea or dizziness."We anticipate that the results of this preliminary study will trigger clinical trials of varenicline as a primary treatment for alcohol use disorders, and as a potential dual treatment for alcohol and tobacco use disorders," said Sherry McKee, associate professor of psychiatry at the Yale School of Medicine and lead author of the study.Smokers are more likely to drink alcohol and to consume greater quantities of alcohol, and they are four times more likely to meet criteria for alcohol use disorders. Diseases related to tobacco use are the leading causes of death in alcoholics."A medication such as varenicline, which may target shared biological systems in alcohol and nicotine use, holds promise as a treatment for individuals with both disorders" according to McKee.McKee said that 80% of participants receiving varenicline did not take a drink at all, compared to 30% of the placebo group. The findings suggest that varenicline has the potential to be at least as effective in reducing drinking as naltrexone, another drug found to reduce alcohol consumption in heavy drinkers. Unlike naltrexone, varenicline is not metabolized by the liver and may be safe to use by those with impaired liver function, a frequent consequence of heavy alcohol use, McKee saidDrug addicted men admit to have consumed drugs to be able to have sexual relations
Drug addicted men admit to have consumed drugs to be able to have sexual relations and most of them (58%) choose cocaine to this purpose, the narcotic which increases the most sexual incapacitation. On the other hand, only 37.50% drug addict women consume drugs to this purpose, and when they do, they resort to cocaine (37%), speed ball (25%) and alcohol (25%). Those are the conclusions of a study carried out by Professors of the department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, where they have analysed the connection between drug consumption and sexual performance. They took a poll of 120 characters (104 male and 16 female drug addicts), aged between 17 and 23 years old and with an average age of 32.25, who were administered a poll together with the Addictive Behaviour Questionnaire, a test which assesses consumption seriousness. Another conclusion of the work carried out at the UGR is that 50.98% of men use drugs to have sexual relations, as against 43.75% of women. This category also shows the differences by sexes, as men who consume drugs to lose their inhibition use alcohol and cocaine almost in the same proportion (43 and 37%, respectively), whereas in the case of women it is alcohol, with 72%, the most common substance. The research work has been carried out by Professors Pablo Vallejo Medina, Miguel Pérez García and Juan Carlos Sierra, who insist that, in the light of the results obtained, men present a paradoxical fact, "as cocaine, which is the most commonly used drug as an enhancer factor of sexuality, is also the most incapacitating drug at a sexual level". According to researchers, this fact could be due to that drug addicts use cocaine in order to increase their sexual power and performance which, as has been proved by authors such as Cregel and Mark, only happens when consumed in low doses and in the short term. Such conditions would be difficult to keep, as consumers, due to the habit and the dependence would tend to increase both the doses and the consumption time, seriously harming the sexual function.Growing drug use in the city following a massive rise in the number of discarded needles.
Growing drug use in the city following a massive rise in the number of discarded needles.Figures obtained by the Echo reveal that 893 syringes were found in public places last year — almost 500 more than the previous year.The needles were most commonly discarded in public toilets, including those in Blackboy Road, Exeter bus station and King William Street.
Mount Pleasant Road was also singled out as a hotspot.
Ten of the city's public toilets have been fitted with blue lighting, which is designed to make it hard for drug users to find veins in order to inject heroin.
Karen Histed-Todd, of Devon Drug and Alcohol Action Team, said up to 400 people a year accessed drug treatment in the Exeter area through Devon Primary Care Trust.
She said: "Heroin is the main injected drug of choice in Exeter. Amphetamine is also injected, though not in the numbers of heroin."There are more people coming into drug treatment year-on-year and the majority obtain the help they need (usually methadone or bupernorphine) within three weeks of making contact."
She added: "The quality of treatment is improving year on year with more and more people successfully coming off drugs and getting back to a more normal life."
Sgt Morris Elphick, who is responsible for policing the west of the city, said: "Drug use is a modern curse. We had a very successful operation last week when 35 properties were raided and more than 20 people were arrested.
"The majority of drug users do dispose of their needles responsibly but they do have chaotic lifestyles.
"Unfortunately, asking them to do something simple like disposing of needles responsibly can be difficult for them."
Exeter mum Janet Dowle, 55, of Beacon Heath, pricked her finger on a syringe left in the public toilets in Guinea Street last August.
After a worrying six months, she was given the all-clear from infections such as hepatitis B.
But she had to have three months of injections and still has to go back 12 months after the initial injury for a booster shot.
Mrs Dowle thinks the council should provide sharps boxes in public toilets. She said: "I think they should try this to see how it goes."
Richard Branston, city councillor for Newtown, is to raise the issue with police.
He said: "This problem is a great concern for a number of local residents and we need to take urgent action on this."
Yolonda Henson, city councillor for Polsloe, said: "There is no point in pretending this problem is not there."It should not be too much to ask that those using drugs to dispose of needles responsibly."Exeter City Council has said that some of the increase can be put down to better recording of needles found.
Councillor Kevin Mitchell, lead member for environment and leisure, said: "While the number of discarded needles found in public areas is a cause of concern, the situation in Exeter is relatively low when compared to other cities in the UK.
Mike Trim, head of Exeter's cleansing services, said: "We might be revisiting the idea of putting sharps boxes into public toilets.
"The trouble is, if we do that then we could be accused of encouraging drug use in the toilets."We have made inquiries and have not been able to find a sharps box which is totally secure and if these are tampered with we would have a bigger problem because they can contain so many needles."
Hospitals are admitting more than 100 retired patients a day for alcohol abuse.
Hospitals are admitting more than 100 retired patients a day for alcohol abuse.Serious drink-addiction has nearly doubled among the over-65 age group. Former company directors living in affluent areas of London are among those ending up in A & E or on surgical wards for drink-related problems.A total of 36,805 pensioners a year - "silver sozzlers"- are hospitalised for drink-related health problems. This compares with 20,735 in 2002. Experts predict the figures for liver disease and alcohol poisoning will continue to rise unless addiction treatment is made more available on the NHS.They also say drinking at home is one reason why binge drinking has soared among the elderly.The figures will increase pressure on ministers to take action against the drinks industry which has been blamed for encouraging binge drinking with cut-price promotions and incentives.Anti-addiction charities and medical experts called on the Government to follow Scotland and bring in a minimum price for drink. It is the first country in Europe to fix alcohol prices. The Liberal Democrats, who uncovered the figures, said the dangers of excessive drinking among retired people was a hidden problem and solutions needed to be properly targeted. Lib-Dem MP Tom Brake said: 'While newspaper headlines have focused on binge-drinking teenagers, the number of elderly people being hospitalised due to alcohol has been soaring unnoticed. "These figures are deeply worrying and ministers must take action to tackle this new and disturbing trend. The Government has massively under-funded alcohol treatment services, while this problem has been allowed to escalate."The Royal College of Physicians, which is calling for higher taxes on alcohol, said drinking at home was partly to blame. RCP president Professor Ian Gilmore told the Standard: 'These figures underline that the UK's worrying relationship with alcohol is not just about teenage binge drinking. "The biggest increase in drinking is at home, fuelled by massive supermarket discounting. The over-65s, particularly vulnerable to illness, are clearly part of this rising tide of health harm."Kensington and Chelsea, Richmond and Kingston are among those boroughs with ageing alcoholics. More than 2,000 over-65s a year in these areas alone need hospital treatment for drink-related health problems
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